The History and Invention of the Jet Engine

Although the invention of the jet engine can be traced back to the aeolipile made around 150 B.C., Dr. Hans von Ohain and Sir Frank Whittle are both recognized as being the co-inventors of the jet engine as we know it today, even though each worked separately and knew nothing of the others work. Jet propulsion is defined simply as any forward movement caused by the backward ejection of a high-speed jet of gas or liquid. In the case of air travel and engines, jet propulsion means that the machine itself is powered by jet fuel. While Von Ohain is considered the designer of the first operational turbojet engine, Whittle was first to register a patent for his schematics of a prototype, in 1930. Von Ohain obtained a patent for his prototype in 1936, and his jet was the first to fly in 1939. Whittles took off for the first time in 1941. While von Ohain and Whittle may be the acknowledged fathers of modern jet engines, many grandfathers came before them, guiding them as they paved the way for the jet engines of today. Early Jet Propulsion Concepts The aeolipile  of 150 BCE was created as a curiosity and never used for any practical mechanical purpose. In fact, it wouldnt be until the invention of the fireworks rocket in the 13th century by Chinese artists that a practical use for jet propulsion was first implemented. In 1633, Ottoman Lagari Hasan Çelebi used a cone-shaped rocket powered by jet propulsion to fly up into the air and a set of wings to glide it back to a successful landing. However, because rockets are inefficient at low speeds for general aviation, this use of jet propulsion was essentially a one-time stunt. In any event, his effort was rewarded with a position in the Ottoman Army. Between the 1600s and World War II, many scientists experimented with hybrid engines to propel aircraft. Many used one of the piston engines forms—including air-cooled and liquid-cooled inline and rotary and static radial engines—as the power source for aircraft. Sir Frank Whittles Turbojet Concept Sir Frank Whittle was an English aviation engineer and pilot who joined the Royal Air Force as an apprentice, later becoming a test pilot in 1931. Whittle was only 22 when he first thought to use a gas turbine engine to power an airplane. The young officer tried unsuccessfully to obtain official support for the study and development of his ideas but was ultimately forced to pursue his research on his own initiative. He received his first patent on turbojet propulsion in January 1930. Armed with this patent, Whittle again sought funding to develop a prototype; this time successfully. He began construction of his first engine in 1935 -- a single-stage centrifugal compressor coupled to a single-stage turbine. What was meant to be only a laboratory test rig was successfully bench-tested in April 1937, effectively demonstrating the feasibility of the turbojet concept. Power Jets Ltd. -- the firm with which Whittle was associated -- received a contract for a Whittle engine known as the W1 on July 7, 1939. In February 1940, the Gloster Aircraft Company was chosen to develop the Pioneer, the small engine aircraft the W1 engine was earmarked to power; the historic first flight of the Pioneer took place on May 15, 1941. The modern turbojet engine used today in many British and American aircraft is based on the prototype invented by Whittle. Dr. Hans von Ohains Continuous Cycle Combustion Concept Hans von Ohain was a German airplane designer who obtained his doctorate in physics at the University of Gà ¶ttingen in Germany, later becoming the junior assistant to Hugo Von Pohl, director of the Physical Institute at the university. At the time, von Ohain was investigating a new type of aircraft engine that did not require a propeller. Only 22 years old when he first conceived the idea of a continuous cycle combustion engine in 1933, von Ohain patented a jet propulsion engine design in 1934 very similar in concept to that of Sir Whittle, but different in internal arrangement. Upon the mutual recommendation of Hugo von Pohl, Von Ohain joined German aircraft builder Ernst Heinkel, at the time seeking assistance in new airplane propulsion designs, in 1936. He continued development of his jet propulsion concepts, successfully bench-testing one of his engines  in September 1937. Heinkel designed and constructed a small aircraft known as the Heinkel He178, to serve as a testbed for this new propulsion system, which flew for the first time on August 27, 1939. Von Ohain went on to develop a second, improved jet engine known as  the He S.8A, which was first flown on April 2, 1941.

Marginal Cost and Correct Answer Essay - 1420 Words

Question 1 The primary objective of a for-profit firm is to ___________. Selected Answer: Correct Answer: 5 out of 5 points maximize shareholder value maximize shareholder value Question 2 5 out of 5 points The flat-screen plasma TVs are selling extremely well. The originators of this technology are earning higher profits. What theory of profit best reflects the performance of the plasma screen makers? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: innovation theory of profit innovation theory of profit Question 3 5 out of 5 points The Saturn Corporation (once a division of GM) was permanently closed in 2009. What went wrong with Saturn? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or†¦show more content†¦Selected Answer: Correct Answer: autocorrelation autocorrelation Question 17 5 out of 5 points Consumer expenditure plans is an example of a forecasting method. Which of the general categories best described this example? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: survey techniques and opinion polling survey techniques and opinion polling Question 18 5 out of 5 points For studying demand relationships for a proposed new product that no one has ever used before, what would be the best method to use? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: consumer surveys, where potential customers hear about the product and are asked their opinions consumer surveys, where potential customers hear about the product and are asked their opinions Question 19 If two alternative economic models are offered, other things equal, we would Selected Answer: 5 out of 5 points select the model that gave the most accurate forecasts select the model that gave the most accurate forecasts Correct Answer: Question 20 5 out of 5 points The use of quarterly data to develop the forecasting model Yt = a +bYt−1 is an example of which forecasting technique? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Time-series forecasting Time-series forecasting Question 21 If theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Marginal Cost and Correct Answer1404 Words   |  6 Pages____. Answer Selected Answer: total economic cost Correct Answer: total economic cost Question 2 5 out of 5 points Recently, the American Medical Association changed its recommendations on the frequency of pap-smear exams for women. The new frequency recommendation was designed to address the family histories of the patients. The optimal frequency should be where the marginal benefit of an additional pap-test: Answer Selected Answer: equals the marginal cost of the test Correct Answer: Read Moremcq on perfect competition1418 Words   |  6 Pagesof 1 points Private markets will always provide too few public goods because Selected Answer: Incorrect [None Given] Answers: of the negative externalities associated with these goods. it is unlawful for private firms to provide public goods. private markets will never provide goods that they know the government could provide. the private marginal cost is less than the social marginal cost. 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Question 2 4 out of 4 points Refer to the following table:    Amount of total output produced from various combinations of labor and capital.       Units of Capital       1 2 3    Units of Labor 1 2 3 4 5 6 80 180 270 340 390 410 100 220 330 420 490 530 120 260 390 500 590 650    If capital is fixed at two units, what is the marginal product of the fourth unitRead MoreEconomics Midterm1619 Words   |  7 Pagesdifference between revenue and ________________. Selected Answer: total economic cost Correct Answer: total economic cost Question 2 5 out of 5 points In the shareholder wealth maximization model, the value of a firms stock is equal to the present value of all expected future ___________ discounted at the stockholders required rate of return. 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Relations of Employability Skills to Career †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Relations of Employability Skills to Career. Answer: Introduction: I think that values and principles are one of the major aspects in building a personality of a person. And this is something I will surely incorporate in my professional life as well. As a professional it is imperative to have a clear idea about the aspirations and career growth. I think I am a person who thinks in a creative way and can easily manage a situation of crisis. I dont say that I do not panic at all but I usually channelize the panic stricken state into striving hard and coming up with a solution. I am a person who is always charged by competition and I find myself performing my best when I find that there is tough competition ahead. This situation has several times helped me in gaining success. In order to grow in my career I have identified my gallop strengths as: Developer, Activator, Competition, Learner and Responsibility. As a developer I have a keen eye on any slightest improvement or opportunity and I make use of these aspects and develop a plan of action for the present and the future. Activator: I identify myself as a activator as I always plan of following my plan and turning this theories into practical. As a competitive person I always tend to measure my performance with respect to the performance of the people who are around me. I also am a very curious person and I have a very inquisitive nature I enjoy learning about new and different things which allows me to expand my knowledge horizon. As I have mentioned above that vales and ethics play an important role in my life and hence I have identified myself with the responsibility theme. These aspects of my character have helped me throughout my life and have also helped me to keep up with my values and principles along with my professional aspirations. I consider myself to be an ambitious person as I have taken step forward in the profession that I always wanted to persue. In order to keep up with the changing dynamics of the every industry and sector I believe that networking and being in touch with the people of the industry has become very important. Networking is a major source of motivation for me as people who are successful in the field that I want to peruse my career can inspire me. Never burn bridges is a phrase that I had come across while reading an editorial piece. I abide by this as I think in the professional world it is important to have healthy relation with anyone that comes across. Networking gives rise to opportunities and strengths that is important while building a career and working towards aspirations. I think that I am a person who can easily socialize, talk and develop conversation this helps me in the process of networking with the people who are in my field. I think networking is important as it helps me develop conceptions regarding the profession I am interested in and I think it will help me gather knowledge about my career. Interacting with different people will ensure that I have a diverse knowledge in my field. I am always open to suggestions and guidance from people who have been working in the sector that I want to peruse my career. As a fresher I think guidance is also important as it will help me in the future. I have always been interested in the human aspect of life and hence I think I have also grown interest in the hospitality industry. I want to peruse my career as an event manager and in the long run open my own event management company. I am currently perusing BSc. in Events Management. The training and skill set that I have acquired in y course will help me deal with real life problems in the professional world. I have been exposed to industry experts in the subject with the help and guidance of whom I gathered enough knowledge through my practical as well as theoretical assignments. For example, in any event crisis management is a very important aspect as it can arise from any situation, I have learnt to be ready and think on my toes to come up with quick and instant solution to any issue that may arise. I have learnt to draw up a contingency plan for any event in case there is a challenge or mishap. Creativity and innovation plays an important role in the process of managing an ev ent several factors has to be catered to in order to make the event successful. To meet all the needs of the client one has to be creative and I have learnt how to convert my thoughts and ideas into action and offer the client a successful event. I have also learnt how to work in pressure and deliver the work in time. Reference list: Benson, V., Morgan, S. and Filippaios, F., 2014. Social career management: Social media and employability skills gap.Computers in Human Behavior,30, pp.519-525. de Guzman, A.B. and Choi, K.O., 2013. The relations of employability skills to career adaptability among technical school students.Journal of Vocational Behavior,82(3), pp.199-207. Rao, M.S., 2014. Enhancing employability in engineering and management students through soft skills.Industrial and Commercial Training,46(1), pp.42-48. Veal, A.J. and Burton, C., 2015.Research methods for arts and event management.

Loyalty in Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

Loyalty in Twelfth Night Essay A common theme in many of Shakespeares plays is the idea of loyalty. Good or evil, right or wrong, the central character in the play always has at least one person whom no matter what the circumstances never leaves their side or never denies the person what they want even if it is contrary to what they want or believe. The play Twelfth Night portrays a very good example of loyalty and sacrifice. Viola, or Cesario as she is known through most of the play, has found herself in an interesting predicament. A rather interesting love triangle is woven in the play and she finds herself in the middle of it as both a man and a woman. The interesting part is that she puts her own feelings aside in order to fulfill the wishes of her Lord and her love. For anyone who has been in love they can understand how difficult it must have been to pursue another woman for the man that you love. Viola is quoted as saying Ill do my best to woo your lady: aside yet a barful strife! Whoeer I woo, myself would be his wife (Twelfth Night I.iv.40), she is admitting that she loves him. This is not going to stop her from pursuing Olivia on Orsinos behalf. In creating her character Shakespeare has in effect created someone who will put her own interests aside in order to be loyal to the Duke. This is the ultimate sacrifice. Loyalty in this case is something that is prohibiting the character from finding her own happiness. She never considers not carrying out her duties to further her gain. Her loyalty lies in two different aspects, to her Lord and to her Love. Violas character is so unique because through her disguise she becomes the love interest of the very woman that she is pursing for the Duke. Obviously her interests would lie far from getting involved with Olivia but we can still observe her persistency in her loyalty to the Duke. It is at the times when Olivia is persistent in her love for Cesario that I think Violas loyalty shines through the most. Going against her own feelings she always has the Dukes interests at heart. Viola, in my opinion, truly represents the loyal servant and love. In King Lear, one of King Lears largest supporters is Kent. While he is only Kent in Lears eyes for a short while in the play, because he is disguised, it is Kent none the less who watches out for Lear and attempts to protect him. Beginning with the first line of the play we already see Kent interested and involved in King Lears life and well being. Kent is an interesting character because he does not stay in the good graces of King Lear past Act I, Scene i but this does not stop him from being true, loyal and faithful to his King. At the point just before Kent is banished from the kingdom he is quoted as saying Royal Lear, who I have ever honoured as my king, loved as my father, as my master followed, as my great patron thought on in These are words that would only be spoken by a man that was truly loving and loyal. This quotation sets up for us that even after he is banished from the kingdom he will continue to serve and be loyal to his King. He accomplishes this is by using a disguise to hide his identity which will allow him to say by Lears side till the end of the play. As far as Im concerned this is the ultimate form of loyalty because Kents only agenda is to keep Lear safe. .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .postImageUrl , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:visited , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:active { border:0!important; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:active , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Great Depression Essay Thesis As the play progresses we see Kent doing various deeds in order to protect Lears reputation and life. Kents goal is to protect Lear from his two daughters Goneril and Regan whom he feels are trying to eliminate Lear to increase their own power. Kent knows that Lear does not realize that he has made a monumental mistake by splitting his power between Goneril and Regan and he is trying to rectify the situation. In effect Kent .

Underbelly vs Chopper Connected Text Essay Example

Underbelly vs Chopper Connected Text Paper The two types of texts I am comparing are two different types of the underworld in Melbourne Australia. They explain the depth of crimes they committed and the gangs they were in. The novel I am using is Chopper Reads novel. In this he talked about his upbringing and joining the underworld as early as 15. The Movie I am comparing the novel to is Underbelly, written by Peter Gawler and directed by Tony Tilse. Under belly is about to rival gangs competing for complete control for the underworld. In both the texts all the characters were free to make any decisions they wanted, but most of them would affect they lives greatly. In the novel Chopper read explains that almost when he was born his parents thought he was mentally insane. At the age of 7 he was taken to a mental hospital for treatments. But none worked. He got involved with the Melbourne underworld at the age of 15. The Melbourne gangland wars start the night the gangster Alphonse Gangitano, The Black Prince of Lygon Street, and one of the legendary Carlton Crew gang, murders a low-life crim named Greg Workman at a St Kilda party for the sheer hell of it. The charming gangster Alphonse gets away with the murder by convincing two witnesses not to testify but the killing sets the tone for the mayhem that will follow, and sets Alphonse himself on a path to self-destruction. When Mark Copper Read did a crime it did not care if he got caught. He would just be happy that he accomplished what he wanted to do. He once saw a girl getting doing dirty deeds for a drug dealer for some cocaine. Chopper told her to go home and never come back to the city and everything will be alright. The next week he got 5 years for giving the drug dealers feet third degree burns. We will write a custom essay sample on Underbelly vs Chopper Connected Text specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Underbelly vs Chopper Connected Text specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Underbelly vs Chopper Connected Text specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is the opposite for the people in Underbelly. They only committed a crime if they were sure that they wont get caught. A lot of the time they just got hit men just to do there dirty work. I liked the concept of the Melbourne underworld from Mark Chopper Read then from underbelly because Mark Chopper Reads novel was pure facts unlike underbelly which was nothing like the underbelly novels. The TV series was just made to entertain. Even though both texts talk about the Melbourne underground, Underbelly is like the kids version of the Melbourne underworld. While they were setting up hit mans to kill there enemy Chopper was some bars cellar burning some drug dealers feet. Over all I think the Chopper Novel takes the prize of best text for the sole fact that he is talking from experience while underbelly is being directed for a big audience. Chopper just wrote the novels to past boredom in jail I couldn’t even spell and now I am international bestseller. Even though the underbelly TV series entertains me greatly, I know that half of it is lies just to get money†¦

Homeschooling Kindergarten - Tips and Suggestions

Homeschooling Kindergarten - Tips and Suggestions When I think of kindergarten, I think of painting, cutting, pasting, snacks, and nap time. I remember my experience as a kindergarten student, playing in the little wooden kitchen with the play food and dishes. Kindergarten should be a fun, memorable time for both the parent and the child. For my oldest child, I used a full-on curriculum from a Christian publisher for kindergarten. (It made the  cost of homeschooling  much more than it had to be.) And,  we did everything in the curriculum. My poor child. It seems that your first   child usually suffers the most while you learn what youre doing as a new homeschooling parent. Homeschool Curriculum for Kindergarten For my next two children I used the following curriculum and programs that I put together myself. Language Arts: Teach Your Child to Read in 100 Easy Lessons We tried Sing, Spell, Read Write first, but the songs were too fast for my daughter and she didnt want to sing and play games. She wanted to read like her big sister did. So I sold Sing, Spell, Read Write and purchased Teach Your Child to Read in 100 Easy Lessons. I liked this book because it was relaxed and easy to use. You just snuggle up in the easy chair together for about 15 minutes a day, and kids are reading at a second grade level when youre finished. Teach Your Child to Read is an inexpensive book, too. I  loved it so much that I have a copy saved for future grandchildren in case it goes out of print! I always followed  up Teach Your Child to Read with the Abeka 1st grade phonics book, Letters and Sounds 1, to ensure that my children retained what they learned. I had them reading in easy readers as soon as they were able. I found it best to have them read books that were a little easy for them so they would enjoy reading. Math: MCP Mathematics K  by Modern Curriculum Press I liked this book because it was cute and efficient. I didnt stay with Modern Curriculum Press, but for Kindergarten, this was my favorite book. I always added whatever hands-on items were necessary to help my children grasp a concept or just to make the lessons more fun. Fine Arts: Art Projects K by Abeka Books I liked this book because most everything is right there for the teaching parent. There is no photocopying to do and the projects are appealing and colorful. Science and history were covered using library books and other resources I had around the house. Gardening and cooking are great science and math projects for young ones. There are many other programs and curriculum options  out there. This is just an example of what I found that I liked and worked for me. I was able to teach kindergarten for about $35 for the year and only $15 for the second child. Do You Need Curriculum When Homeschooling Kindergarten? You may be wondering if you even need curriculum for homeschooling kindergarten. Not necessarily! Some parents and their children like having the guidance of formal lessons. Other families prefer a more interest-led approach for the younger years. For these families, providing children with a learning-rich environment, reading every day, and exploring the world around them through everyday learning experiences is plenty. Continuing with the same concepts for teaching preschool at home is sufficient  for most kindergarten children - read, explore, ask questions, answer questions, and play. Young children learn so much through play! More Tips for Homeschooling Kindergarten Teaching kindergarten should be fun and engaging for parent and child. Keep these tips in mind to ensure that it is: Dont be a slave to the curriculum. Let it work for you. If its not working, its okay to change curriculum.Little  ones can only sit for about 15 minutes at a time. Try scattering your teaching times throughout the day.Keep it fun. If your child isnt having a good day, put school off until later or even the next day.Use play dough, paints, bubbles.Have your child  write his letters with his fingers in pudding, shaving cream, or sand. Kids also love using the white board. Dont limit them to the lines on paper this early. Just concentrate on forming the letters properly. As homeschoolers, we dont have to leave behind the days of cutting, pasting, playing, and painting for kindergarten. Those are perfectly acceptable activities to engage the minds of curious youngsters! Updated by Kris Bales

MID-YEAR ASSESSMENT Management Finance Assignment

MID-YEAR ASSESSMENT Management Finance - Assignment Example One of the behavioural issues that have been noticed within the case study is that of resistance from employees. It is a common observance within an organization to have employees refuses to work with the new system or processes. In some cases employees regard the new system as redundant or unnecessary altogether (Attwood, 1996). In such cases usually employees feel threatened by the new system and feel that it challenges their methods of working and makes them feel redundant. In the case provided it was observed that the supervisor of department D Janet was extremely unhappy after viewing the performance report. This behaviour shown by Janet shows that she felt threatened by the report and refused to accept the system altogether. In some cases employees tend to agree to the new budgeting system but ignore its implementation. Employees tend to assure executives of the organization that they would commit to the processes of the system but in reality tend to hold reservations about it, causing reluctance in the implementation of its implementation (Woldring, 2010). As seen in the case out of all the directors only one of the director was interested in its implementations whereas others were uncertain about it. This caused the directors to become uninterested in its effective implementation. Another behavioural issue that can be seen the company is confusion amongst the employees. While developing a budgeting plan it is vital to communicate with employees to investigate the factors that were involved in formation of the actual budget. Since communication between the executives of the company and the employees was not clear misunderstandings are created during the formation of performance reports (Poornima & Charantimath, 2011). This in turn causes employees to disown the report claiming that information provided in the report is baseless and has little or no significance when placed under practical circumstances. Furthermore, there was no training provided to the employees prior to implementing the new financial control system. Direct implementation of the new system caused a great deal of confusion amongst employees who were taken aback on receiving their department’s performance report. Changes to be introduced in the Existing Report System In order to ensure that the current budgeting system is more easily accepted by the company’s employees it is vital that the management removes uncertainty and insecurity that the company employees have regarding it. The first and foremost step that the company could take is to initiate a training program for its employees. The main aim of the training program should be to increase the knowledge and awareness of the employees regarding budgeting and comparative analysis. The training sessions must inform employees of the exact advantages that budgeting and comparative analysis would bring about to the company. The process of training must start with the top executives of the company. Obtai ning the consent and backing of the top executives would help in the implementation process (Finkelstein et al., 2008). Moreover, knowing that all the organizational executives share the same vision convincing employees at the lower level makes it a lot easier. Once the company’s executives have been briefed it is then time to convince employees working at the lower level